| 图书简介： |
论文标题:论修道院在西欧中世纪早期的文化中心地位及期成因 On the Cultural Center Position of Monastery in the Earlier Middle Ages in Western Europe and Its Cause of Formation 论文作者论文导师 苏振兴,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 世界史论文单位 河北师范大学,点击次数 32,论文页数 44页File Size760K 2007-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_282457397/ monastery;; early Middle Ages;; cultural center 在西欧中世纪早期(5到11世纪)的文化重建过程中,修道院制度起着不可替代的作用。它作为当时唯一的文化实体保存和延续了濒临灭绝的古典文明。我们研究西方中世纪的文化,就不可避免地要研究修道院制度,因为它是贯穿其中的最为典型的文化组织,在西方历史的发展中占据重要地位。本文除前言和结语外,主要分三个部分进行论述。 前言部分论述了本文的研究意义、研究综述和研究方法。 文章第一部分主要介绍修道院制度产生的背景、早期发展情况以及西欧几种修道院的典型。最初的修道生活表现为极端的禁欲主义,当其与基督教相结合后,便逐渐发展成一种以净化灵魂为目的的集体生活方式。在西欧,修道院制度被改造为不同的派别。它们在不同程度上影响着西欧文化的发展进程。 文章第二部分着重论述了修道院在西欧中世纪早期的文化中心地位。当罗马帝国轰然崩溃后,修道院以其特有的方式延续了古典文明的火种,并且挑起培养人才的重担,成为中世纪人才的摇篮。为上帝服务的主观动机,在客观上却使修道院发展成为学术研究的中心。而且艺术在满足宗教生活的同时也得到了自身的发展和创新。这些都说明修道院已成为西欧中世纪早期的文化中心。 文章第三部分主要分析修道院成为当时文化中心的原因。修道院能够代替政府行使某些文教职能,主要得益于其自身的组织优势。神圣的目的、宁静的氛围、藏书丰富的图书馆、稳定的师资力量和严格的纪律,这些都是修道院发展文教事业的优势。此外,自给自足的经济模式、模范庄园式的管理以及后来大地产的形成,都为修道院的发展提供了雄厚的经济基础。最后,修道院的发展也得到了来自教俗封建主的大力支持,从而获得了较为宽松的政治环境。 结语部分在总结全文的基础上,简要阐述了中世纪修道院的作用和影响。 In the early Middle Ages (5-11centries), the monastery institute played an important part in the culture reconstruction process that nothing could instead of. As the only cultural entity meanwhile, it preserved and last the classical civilization which was nearly dying out. When study the culture of the Middle Ages of the West, we must study the monastery inevitably, because monastery is the most typical culture organization in that period, occupying the important position in the west development of the history of the early Middle Ages. Except for the preface and epilogue, the whole thesis was divided into three parts to discuss. The preface discussed the textual research meaning, the research overview and the research methods. The first part mainly introduced the background, the early development of monastery and several kinds of Western Europe monastery in early days. At the beginning, monarchism represented extreme asceticism. When in combined with Christianity, it gradually became a kind of life style with the purpose of purifying the soul. In Western Europe several different factions of monastery emerged. They affected the development progress of the culture of Western Europe in some different extents. The second part emphasized to discuss the cultural center position of monastery in the period of the early Middle Ages in Western Europe. When the Empire of Rome ended up suddenly, the monastery preserved the classical civilization by its own way, and took the heavy load of training the talented person. In this way, monastery became talented person"s cradle in the Middle Ages. The subjective motive of contributing to God make the monastery becomes the center of academic research objectively. And the art was developed and innovated in the same time. All of these appeared that monastery dad been the cultural center at that time. The third part analyzed the reasons of monasteries becoming the cultural center at that time. The monastery replaced the government to exercise some cultural and educational functions with its special advantages. The sacred purpose, the quite atmosphere, the abundant library and the strict disciplines contributed to the monastery’s cultural center position at that time. In addition, the self-sufficient economic mode and the manorial managing quomodo and the later ranches provided strong economic foundation for monastery. Finally, the monastery also gained supports from both emperors and popes, so it could develop in a loose-fitting political environment. The epilogue part summed up the whole thesis, and briefly elaborated the function and the influence of the monastery in the Middle Ages at the same time. |
